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By JOYCELYN M. POLLOCK

Criminal Women by Joycelyn Polluck delves into the complex narratives of women who find themselves entangled in the criminal justice system. Polluck's insightful analysis challenges traditional stereotypes and sheds light on the socio-economic factors that often underlie women's criminal behavior. Through a combination of case studies and research, Criminal Women presents a thought-provoking exploration of the intersections between gender, crime, and punishment in contemporary society.

Cincinnati, OH. Anderson publishing. 1999. 303p.

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By RANDY MARTIN, ROBERT J. MUTCHNICK and W. TIMOTHY AUSTIN

CRIMINOLOGICAL THOUGHT: PIONEERS PAST AND PRESENT delves into the evolution of criminology through the lens of key figures who have shaped its development. This comprehensive book examines the foundational concepts, theories, and methodologies introduced by pioneering criminologists, juxtaposed with modern perspectives that have redefined the field. An essential read for academics, researchers, and students seeking a deeper understanding of criminological theory and its historical significance.

New York. Macmillan Publishing Company. 1990. 436p.

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BY RICHARD R. KORN AND LLOYD W. MECORKLE

Criminology and Penology is a comprehensive exploration of the fundamental principles, theories, and practices in the fields of crime and punishment. This book delves into the intricate dynamics of criminal behavior, the workings of the criminal justice system, and the various methods of rehabilitation and punishment. From the study of criminal psychology to the analysis of correctional strategies, Criminology and Penology provides a thorough examination of the complex issues surrounding crime and its consequences. With insightful discussions and real-world examples, this book is an essential resource for students, practitioners, and anyone interested in understanding the intricacies of criminology and penology.

NY. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON. 1960. 665P.

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EDITED AND INTRODUCED BY HERMANN MANNHEIM

"Pioneers in Criminology" delves into the lives and groundbreaking work of the visionaries who shaped the field of criminology as we know it today. From Cesare Lombroso to Edwin Sutherland, this book explores the theories and methodologies that revolutionized our understanding of crime and criminal behavior. Through meticulous research and engaging storytelling, readers are taken on a journey through the history of criminology, uncovering the pivotal moments and key figures that have influenced this dynamic discipline. Whether you are a seasoned criminologist or simply intrigued by the study of crime, "Pioneers in Criminology" offers a comprehensive and enlightening exploration of the minds that paved the way for modern criminal justice.

MONTCLAIR, NEW JERSEY. PATTERSON SMITH. 1973. 526p.

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Edited by Don M. Gottfredson and Michael Tonry

"Prediction and Classification in Criminal Justice Decision Making" offers a comprehensive exploration of the role of data-driven tools in the criminal justice system. Authored by experts in the field, this book delves into the intricacies of predictive analytics and classification algorithms and their impact on decision-making processes within law enforcement, courts, and corrections. Through real-world case studies and ethical considerations, readers are challenged to critically examine the use of technology in shaping the future of criminal justice. This thought-provoking read provides valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and students aiming to navigate the intersection of data science and justice."

University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London. 1987. 433p.

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American Correctional Association.

The "Proceedings of the One Hundred and Ninth Annual Congress of Correction" compiled by the American Correctional Association offers a comprehensive overview of the discussions, presentations, and findings from this esteemed event.

This authoritative compilation delves into the latest trends, challenges, and innovations within the field of corrections, as discussed by leading experts and practitioners in the industry. Covering a wide array of topics such as rehabilitative programs, prison management, inmate education, and societal reintegration, this publication serves as a valuable resource for anyone involved or interested in the realm of corrections.

With a focus on promoting professionalism, best practices, and advancements in correctional facilities, the "Proceedings" provide valuable insights and thought-provoking insights that are crucial for the ongoing improvement of the criminal justice system.

Whether you are a seasoned corrections professional, a policymaker, a researcher, or simply a concerned citizen, the "Proceedings of the One Hundred and Ninth Annual Congress of Correction" is sure to deepen your understanding of the complexities and nuances associated with the ever-evolving field of corrections.

PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA AUGUST 19 - AUGUST 23 1979. 303p.

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Compiled and Edited by SEYMOUR L. HALLECK, AND WALTER BROMBERG

Psychiatric Aspects of Criminology delves into the intricate relationship between mental health and criminal behavior, offering a comprehensive exploration of the psychological factors that influence individuals to commit crimes. Written by esteemed experts in the fields of psychiatry and criminology, this book provides an in-depth analysis of various mental disorders and their correlation with criminal activities.

Through a blend of research studies, case examples, and theoretical frameworks, this book sheds light on the complex interplay between psychiatric conditions such as psychopathy, schizophrenia, and personality disorders, and the commission of criminal acts. Readers will gain valuable insights into the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of individuals within the criminal justice system who exhibit signs of mental illness.

Psychiatric Aspects of Criminology is an essential resource for psychologists, psychiatrists, criminologists, law enforcement professionals, and anyone interested in understanding the intricate connections between mental health and criminal behavior. Whether you are a seasoned expert in the field or a curious novice, this book offers a thought-provoking examination of the intriguing intersection of psychiatry and criminology.

Springfield • Illinois. CHARLES C THOMAS • PUBLISHER. 1968. 89p.

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JOHN E. CONKLIN

In "Robbery and the Criminal Justice System," author delves into the intricate dynamics of robbery cases within the criminal justice system. This insightful book explores the motivations behind robberies, the impact on victims, and the various stages of the judicial process from investigation to sentencing. Through detailed analyses and real-life examples, readers gain a deeper understanding of the complexities involved in prosecuting and adjudicating robbery crimes. Whether you're a legal professional, a student, or simply interested in the workings of the justice system, this book offers a thought-provoking perspective on the intersection of crime, law, and society.

J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY. Philadelphia. 1972. 221p.

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Nathaniel J. Pallone & James J. Hennessy

"Tinder-Box Criminal Aggression" delves into the dark underbelly of a society plagued by crime and corruption. In this gripping thriller, author explores the intricate web of deceit woven by criminal masterminds and the relentless pursuit of justice by a determined detective. As tensions rise and stakes escalate, alliances are tested, secrets are unearthed, and loyalties are questioned in a pulse-pounding race against time. Will truth prevail in the face of deception, or will the tinder-box of criminal aggression ignite a chain of events that can never be undone? Prepare to be on the edge of your seat with this compelling tale of crime, power, and the ultimate battle between good and evil.

New Brunswick. TRANSACTION PUBLISHERS. 1996. 411p.

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David P. Farrington Lloyd E. Ohlin James Q. Wilson

FROM THE INTRODUCTION: “In 1982 the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation created a small committee--the Justice Program Study Group (whose membership is listed at the end of this preface)— and posed to it what can hardly be regarded as an easy question: "What ideas, what concepts, what basic intellectual frameworks are lacking" to understand and to more effectively deal with crime in our society?

Those who are acquainted with the work of the members of the Study Group will appreciate how many divergent views were expressed-divergent to the degree that some of us came to the conclusion that we were not a Study Group at all but rather a group being studied, an odd collection of ancient experimental animals serving some dark purpose of the Foundation. Eventually, however, a surprisingly strong concurrence emerged. We found we were impressed by the extent to which in our discussions we placed heavy reliance on the products of two types of research: first, those few longitudinal studies related to juvenile delinquency and crime that had been pursued in this country and, second, a few experimental studies that had sought to measure the consequences of different official interventions in criminal careers.

These two research strategies had taught us much about crime and its control. Other strategies- case studies, cross-sectional surveys, participant observations, and similar techniques-had indeed been productive, but it was the longitudinal and experimental designs that firmed up the knowledge that the others helped to discover….”

NY. Springer-Verlag. 1986. 217p.

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Edited by John Klofas,  Natalie Kroovand Hipple, and Edmund McGarrell

"The New Criminal Justice: American Communities and the Changing World of Crime Control" delves deep into the evolving landscape of crime control in the United States. Authored by renowned experts in the field, this book offers a comprehensive analysis of the intricate relationship between American communities and the criminal justice system. Through meticulous research and insightful commentary, the book explores innovative approaches to address crime in a rapidly changing society. A thought-provoking read for scholars, policymakers, and anyone interested in understanding the complex dynamics of crime control in contemporary America.

NY. Routledge. 2010. 102p.

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By Bernhard Goetz and the Law on Trial

In "A Crime of Self Defense," author Bernhard Goetz delves into the controversial case that captivated the nation. Known as the "Subway Vigilante," Goetz shot four African American youths on a New York City subway train in 1984, claiming self-defense. This book not only explores the incident itself but also delves into the legal implications surrounding self-defense laws in the United States.

Goetz's story raises important questions about the limits of self-defense, racial tensions, and the role of vigilantism in society. Through meticulous research and analysis, he presents a thought-provoking narrative that challenges readers to consider where the line between self-defense and vigilantism truly lies.

"The Crime of Self Defense By Bernhard Goetz and the Law on Trial" is a compelling read that sheds light on a complex and divisive case that continues to spark debate.

University of Chicago Press, June 15, 1990, 262 pages

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Edited by DAVID P. FARRINGTON AND ROGER TARLING

FROM THE PREFACE: Prediction has always been an important topic in criminology. • Prediction instruments have been used extensively to aid criminal justice decisionmakers, most notably in selecting prisoners for parole. Current uses of prediction methods include the identification of offenders for a policy of "selective incapacitation" and the identifiction of dangerous offenders. Prediction methods are also used to evaluate different kinds of penal treatments and to assess the likely effects of penal policy changes on the criminal justice system. As a by-product of this substantive research, a good deal of attention has been paid to the statistical and methodological issues involved in constructing sound prediction instruments.

Albany. SUNY Press. 1985. 284p.

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Hermann Mannheim and Leslie T. Wilkins

This book, officially sponsored by the Home Office, is a report of the first criminological prediction study carried out in England. The collaboration of iwo authors eminent respectively in the distinct disciplines of criminology and statistics gives unusual authority to their findings, and has led to methodological advances of considerable interest. They have aimed to establish a method of prediction which meets their postulated criteria of repeatability, validity and power, efficiency and simplicity. A validation study, which confirmed their initial results.

London. HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE. 1955. 287p.

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By Ann Cordilia

Part One of the study focuses on the prison as a total institution that desocializes inmates by depriving them of access to conventional adult roles. Resocialization then occurs within the prison as inmates learn new behaviors to survive in prison. The research is grounded empirically in the inmates' perceptions of the ways in which prison has affected them. The 32 inmates interviewed mentioned the following five areas most often: (1) dependency on the prison system to order their lives and provide for material needs, (2) living with other inmates, (3) being cut off from friends and family, (4) being cut off from work, and (5) having limited access to drugs and alcohol. It is concluded that the way a prisoner adapts is based on how he perceives his situation and his desire to mitigate pain and capitalize on whatever opportunities are available. Part Two examines the reentry of ex-inmates into society. Twenty-eight of the 32 inmates in the original sample were interviewed over periods ranging from 1 month to 1 year after release. The subjects' postrelease behavior was studied in relation to the changes they had undergone in prison. Specifically, the research examined the effects of prison skill-learning on four central aspects of reentry: structuring a life, resuming work roles, interacting with people, and controlling alcohol and drug use. It was found that prison skills did not prepare ex-inmates to adjust successfully in these aspects of reentry.

Cambridge, Massachusetts. SCHENKMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY, INC.. 1983. 138p.

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By Donald Black

The text uses the sociological theory of law to predict and explain police behavior in such settings as police patrol, investigations, and the handling of vice, juveniles, traffic, and rebellion. The text considers how cases come to the attention of police and other legal officials and indicates the implications of these patterns for social control through law. The field study was conducted in Boston, Chicago, and Washington, D.C., during the summer of 1966. Thirty-six observers with backgrounds in law, social science, and police administration systematically recorded routine encounters between uniformed patrol officers and citizens. The observers accompanied patrol officers on all work shifts everyday for 7 weeks in each city. (Evening shifts were given added weight because of their known higher rates of police activity.) From the total of 5,713 recorded incidents, subsamples were selected to determine how official crime rates are generated and how police handle disputes between such persons as husbands and wives, parents and children, and neighbors. This report and analysis discusses these findings along with more recent research. Although the text notes the growing demand for dispute settlement in the United States by police, it delineates techniques by which people are encouraged to handle their own conflicts instead of relying on those in authority. Strategies that ultimately encourage self-help include cutting back on police response to domestic and 'street corner' disputes, designing of physical space to maximize natural surveillance, and introducing electronic communication.

NY. ACADEMIC PRESS. 1980. 284p.

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Edited by SAWYER F. SYLVESTER, JR.

THE WRITINGS INCLUDED REPRESENT EVERY PERIOD IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTELLECTUAL HISTORY OF CRIMINOLOGY, BEGINNING WITH THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. EACH ARTICLE EXEMPLIFIES THE MOVEMENT AWAY FROM A ONE-DIMENSIONAL STUDY OF PUNITIVE MEASURES AND CRIMINOLOGY TO A BROADER UNDERSTANDING OF THE BIOLOGICAL, SOCIOLOGICAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL, AND HISTORICAL FACTORS INVOLVED. THE AUTHORS REPRESENTED INCLUDE BECCARIA, QUETELET, MAYHEW, LOMBROSO, TARDE, FERRI, BONGER, HEALY, SELLIN, AND SUTHERLAND. A BRIEF BIOGRAPHY IS GIVEN OF EACH ONE. A SHORT BIBLIOGRAPHY IS FURNISHED.

Cambridge, Massachusetts. SCHENKMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY.. 1972. 185p.

By Robert C. Trojanowicz and Dennis W. Banas

Interviews conducted over a four-year period demonstrated that the Neighborhood Foot Patrol program implemented in Flint, Michigan, not only improved police-community relations, but reduced the disparity in perceptions of police performance between blacks and whites. The Flint Police Department operated solely with motorized or preventive patrols until January 1979. The Neighborhood Foot Patrol Program began in 1979 with 22 foot patrol officers assigned to 14 experimental areas which included about 20 percent of the city's population. In their innovative foot patrol program, officers were based in all types of socioeconomic neighborhoods and focused on the social service as well as the law enforcement aspects of their jobs. The program reduced crime rates by 8.7 percent and calls for service by 42 percent between 1979 and 1982. Attitudes of Flint residents were assessed through interviews conducted in 1979, 1981, 1982, and 1983, using samples drawn randomly from the patrol areas. The 1979 interviews showed that Flint residents did not deviate from the national pattern of blacks consistently rating the police less favorably than whites. Interviews conducted in the subsequent three years demonstrated a dramatic decrease in the differences between black and white perceptions of the foot patrol. The range of differences between the two groups' attitudes toward the police in 1979 was from 13.2 percent to 20.2 percent. In contrast, the greatest variation between blacks and whites in their perceptions of the foot patrols' performance was 8.5 percent, and many neighborhoods had a lower variation. In effect, residents felt they gained control over the operation of the police department, while the foot patrol officers became responsive to community needs and sensitive to neighborhood culture.

Michigan. The National Neighborhood Foot Patrol Center. 1985 21p.

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By Joanne Belknap, Merry Morash, and Robert Trojanowicz

Theories of role identity were used to determine officers' ideal, actual, and behavioral identities in interactions with teenagers, complainants, and supervisors when dealing with a case of 'rowdy teens.' A purposive sample was drawn representing foot and motor patrol, as well as race (black and white) and gender. The findings support the implementation of the community police model as was intended by the staff, and suggests the validity of the foot patrol concept. The results did not find gender, race, education, and years on the force predictive of police identity orientation or behavior. However, differences between foot and motor patrol in terms of role identity orientation and behavior were found. The research also suggests the importance of role identity orientation as a useful concept in explaining police behavior, and the discussion pinpoints areas and methods that would be fruitful in future research.

Michigan. The National Neighborhood Foot Patrol Center. 1986. 39p.