by Darrow, Clarence, 1857-1938

The nature of the state.--Armies and navies.--The purpose of armies.--Civil government.--Theory of crime and punishment.--Remedial effects of punishment.--Cause of crime.--The proper treatment of crime.--Impossibility of just judgment.--The judge of the criminal.--The measure of punishment.--Who deserves punishment.--Natural law and conduct.--Rules governing penal codes and their victims.--The machinery of justice.--The right treatment of violence

MAY CONTAIN MARKUP

By John Perry

The Quick and the Dead: Stawell And Its Race Through Time by John Perry explores the rich history and cultural significance of the Stawell Gift, an iconic footrace held annually in Stawell, Australia. Perry delves into the origins of the event, tracing its evolution over time and highlighting the stories of the participants who have contributed to its legacy. Through meticulous research and engaging storytelling, Perry brings to life the excitement and drama surrounding this historic race, offering readers a deeper understanding of its significance within the fabric of Australian sporting history. The Quick and the Dead is a must-read for sports enthusiasts and history buffs alike, providing a compelling narrative that celebrates the enduring spirit of competition and community in Stawell.

New South Wales. UNSW Press. 2002. 310p.

Edited by Chris Cunneen, Antje Deckert, Amanda Porter, Juan Tauri and Robert Webb

The Routledge International Handbook on Decolonizing Justice focuses on the growing worldwide movement aimed at decolonizing state policies and practices, and various disciplinary knowledges including criminology, social work and law. The collection of original chapters brings together cutting-edge, politically engaged work from a diverse group of writers who take as a starting point an analysis founded in a decolonizing, decolonial and/or Indigenous standpoint. Centering the perspectives of Black, First Nations and other racialized and minoritized peoples, the book makes an internationally significant contribution to the literature.

The chapters include analyses of specific decolonization policies and interventions instigated by communities to enhance jurisdictional self-determination; theoretical approaches to decolonization; the importance of research and research ethics as a key foundation of the decolonization process; crucial contemporary issues including deaths in custody, state crime, reparations, and transitional justice; and critical analysis of key institutions of control, including police, courts, corrections, child protection systems and other forms of carcerality.

The handbook is divided into five sections which reflect the breadth of the decolonizing literature:

• • Why decolonization? From the personal to the global

• • State terror and violence

• • Abolishing the carceral

• • Transforming and decolonizing justice

• • Disrupting epistemic violence

This book offers a comprehensive and timely resource for activists, students, academics, and those with an interest in Indigenous studies, decolonial and post-colonial studies, criminal legal institutions and criminology. It provides critical commentary and analyses of the major issues for enhancing social justice internationally.

London; New York: Routledge, 571p.

By Virginia J. Hunter

FROM THE INTRODUCTION: “The title of his work, Policing Athens, is deliberately ambiguous, meant to convey the ambiguity inherent in the notion of policing itself, since policing has a number of connotations. In the first place, it may refer to social regulation, or the role played by government in "regulating the welfare, security, and order of a city"-a government may, for example, have institutionalized procedures for ensuring the supply of food or for controlling nuisances (Hay and Snyder, 1989:5, 21; cf. Critchley, 1972:24). Policing of this kind was certainly not absent from the city-state. In fact, Athens had a whole host of officials, for the most part annually selected boards of magistrates, each devoted to an aspect of social regulation.”

Princeton, New Jersey. Princeton University Press. 1994. 305p.

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By Ruth Harris

FROM THE INTRODUCTION : “In 1902, a hairdresser's assistant, Adrien Virgile Legrand, was sentenced in the Parisian Cour d'assises to hard labour for life for slitting his six-year-old son's throat. On the surface the case appeared simple enough, as Legrand freely admitted the deed and received the harsh punishment prescribed. However, during the trial, he asserted that he had acted under the influence of a 'delirious crisis', a defence which seriously complicated the proceedings. As in many other murder trials in this period, the issue became not whether he was the author of the crime but rather if he could be punished for it. To determine his responsibility, the court sought to evaluate Legrand's defence by probing into his motivations, character, and past history…”

Oxford. Clarendon. 1989. 385p.

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By Robert Fisk

FROM THE JACKET: “During the thirty years that award-winning journalist Robert Fisk has been reporting on the Middle East, he has covered every major event in the region, from the Algerian Civil War to the Iranian Revolution. from the American hostage crisis in Beirut (as one of only two Western journalists in the city at the time) to the Iran-Iraq War. from the Russian invasion of Afghanistan to Israel's invasions of Lebanon, from the Gulf War to the invasion and ongoing war in Iraq. Now he brings his knowledge. his firsthand experience and his intimate understanding of the Middle East to a book that addresses the full complexity of its political history and its current state of affairs.

Passionate in his concerns about the region and relentless in his pursuit of the truth, Fisk has been able to enter the world of the Middle East and the lives of its people as few other journalists have. The result is a work of stunning reportage. His unblinking eyewitness testimony to the horrors of war places him squarely in the tradition of the great frontline reporters of the Second World War. His searing descriptions of lives mangled in the chaos of battle and of the battles themselves are at once dreadful and heartrending.

This is also a book of lucid, incisive analysis. Reaching back into the long history of invasion, occupation and colonization in the region, Fisk sets forth this information in a way that makes clear how a history of injustice "has condemned the Middle East to war." He lays open the role of the West in the seemingly endless strife and warfare in the region, traces the growth of the West's involvement and infiuence there over the past one hundred years….

NY. Alfred Knopf. 2006. 1150p.

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By Niccolò Machiavelli. Introduction By Max Lerner

FROM THE INTRODUCTION: “WE LIvE today in the shadow of a Florentine, the man who above all others taught the world to think in terms of cold political power. His name was Niccold Machiavelli, and he was one of those rare intellectuals who write about politics because they have had a hand in politics and learned what it is about. His portraits show a thin-faced, pale little man, with a sharp nose, sunken cheeks, subtle lips, a discreet and enigmatic smile, and piercing black eyes that look as if they knew much more than they were willing to tell…”

NY. Random House. 1950. 587p.

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By A. Petrie

FROM THE PREFACCE: “The following sketch of Roman (mainly Republican) History, Literature, and Antiquities is intended primarily for use alongside the Latin Reader by the same author; but it is hoped that it will also serve as a companion to Latin reading generally.”

G.B. A. Petrie. 1918. 149p.

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Edited By David Womersley

FROM THE INTRODUCTION: “Edward Gibbon (1737-94) published The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire in three instalments between 1776 and 1788. It was an immediate popular success, selling (as the delighted author put it) 'like a sixpenny pamphlet on the news of the day'. The book was immediately involved in controversy for its supposed hostility to established religion. But Gibbon's attitudes were much more nuanced, his intentions much more complicated, and his historical interests vastly more profound, than were those of any deist….”

London. Penguin Books. 1995. 97p.

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By Robert B. Asprey

FROM THE COVER: “This second volume of Robert Asprey's biography of Napoleon completes his monumental study of one of history's most enigmatic, complex and fascinating figures. The Reign of Napoleon Bonaparte chronicles Napoleon's chilling, reckless reign and fall from power. This swift-moving, dramatic volume opens where The Rise of Napoleon Bonaparte left off, at Napoleon's astounding victory at Austerlitz in 1805, charting his life from the zenith of his power to his lonely, exile's deach sixteen years later on the island of Saint Helena. "Accessible, fast-moving narrative."-Publishers Weekly

NY. Basic Books. 2001. 509p.

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By A.J. P. Taylor

FROM THE PREFACE: “This book is an entirely rewritten version of an carlier work with the same title, which I published in 1941. It is about half as long again as its predecessor. Apart from general additions, it treats Austrian foreign policy with greater detail and relevance. The Habsburg Monarchy, more than most great powers, was an organization for conducting foreign policy; and its fate was determined quite as much by foreign affairs as by the behaviour of its peoples. The creation of the Austrian Empire was dictated by Napoleon; the establishment of Austria-Hungary by Bismarck; and the Monarchy fell at the end of a great war, which it had itself helped to bring about. My attempt to write the history of the Habsburg Monarchy without discussing Habsburg foreign policy made much of the original book puzzling; and I hope I have now remedied this defect. The other principal change is in treatment. Despite efforts to face reality, the earlier book was still dominated by the 'liberal illusion'; many passages talked of 'lost opportunities' and suggested that the Habsburg Monarchy might have survived if only this or that statesman or people had been more sensible. ..”

London. Penguin 1978. 305p.

By Anthony Comstock.

Or, how the people are deceived and robbed, and youth corrupted. My object is to expose the multitudinous schemes and devices of the sharper to deceive and rob the unwary and credulous through the mails; to warn honest and simple-minded persons ; to shield our youth from debauching and corrupting influences ; to arouse a public sentiment against the vampires who are casting deadly poison into the fountain of moral purity in the children ; and at the same time expose to public indignation the infidels and liberals who defend these moral cancer-planters.

New York: J.H. Brown, 1880. 576p.

By Alexandra Ganser.

The book traces the construction and function of the pirate in transatlantic American literature from the late 17th century to the Civil War, exploring in what ways the cultural imaginary teased out the pirate’s ambivalent potential as a figure of both identification and Othering, and how it has been used to negotiate ideas of legitimacy. The study recasts piracy as a discursive category moving in a continuum between the propagation of (post-)colonial adventure and accumulation on the one hand and critical commentary on exploitation and oppression on the other. Reading piracy narratives as symptomatic of various crisis scenarios in the US context, the book examines how the pirate was imbued with (de)legitimatory meaning during such periods in both elite and popular texts.

Cham: Springer Nature, 2020. 302p.

By Samuel Paynter Wilson.

I stood on the corner of a down-town street one night in December, and as I watched the seething sea of humanity passing by, and as I looked into their weary, anxious faces, I never felt more strongly in my life the necessity for the work on the part of the forces that are making for the moral and social uplift of the city. There, in great masses before my eyes was the good and the bad, and it was easy to make the distinction. The whole maddening throng seemed bent on unrighteous and riotous pleasure. The whole tendency was downward, and nothing of elevating or enobling influence was before me there. To me it appeared the death of youth, and the grave of manhood and womanhood. All that was base and ignoble in a great city was portrayed in the vivid picture before me, and as I gazed on the throng I could see the breaking down of virtue, which ought to be strong in every woman. In presenting to the public the experiences I have had, and of the results attained as an investigator in an Association, which has gained a world wide reputation for " doing things" in the sociological world, it is with a hope that I may find a genial public, and create a more forceful and lasting impression with my friends. This little work is the result of my own personal investigation among a class of men and women, who belong to the underworld, and the work has been accompanied with much personal danger and often required the courage and ex perience of one versed in the ways of the criminal one who has the ability to be a judge of human nature and a good " mixer." The men and women with whom we come in contact are scoundrels by nature and cowards at heart; they stab you in the back and shoot you from dark alleys; they are continually on the lookout for victims and usually find the harvest bountiful, and the matter contained in this book is merely to give expression in language so simple that all may understand its meaning. There are plague spots in almost every part of the great city and vultures prey upon the innocent and descend upon the city by daylight and by gaslight without warning of their coming. The white slave dealers flaunt their dastardly vice in the face of the public, and houses of ill- fame are conducted with a boldness unequalled anywhere in the world. The evil is very great and assuming larger proportions every year. In procuring evidence, and in bringing many of these unfortunates before the courts, and after listening to the defendants in giving testimony, I have come to the conclusion that virtue in Chicago is at a very low ebb, and that the home loving virtuous wife or mother is a jewel that the gods should crave and that decent manhood should love, honor and worship.

Chicago: Author, 1910. 148p.

By Bonnie Clementsson.

A history of forbidden relations. . Translation by Lena Olson. “On 23 June 1702, a soldier named Jon Larsson and his wife’s half-sister Karin Jönsdotter were brought before a local court in central Sweden where they tearfully confessed their sins. A few weeks before Christmas of the previous year they had engaged in sexual intercourse on one occasion, following which Karin had become pregnant.”

Lund University Press (2020) 347 pages.

By Jeannette Kamp.

“In 2015 the Spiegel Online—one of the most widely read German-language news websites—published a satirical article under the headline: ‘Stimulating women’s crime’.1 According to the article, discrimination against women was nowhere more visible than in the national criminal statistics, where women were consistently underrepresented as offenders. The article also proposed the solution to this problem: a new course developed to stimulate and support women to become less law-abiding. In each of the three levels of the course (from beginners to advanced), the female participants were taught to break down the barriers preventing them from committing offences in a similar fashion and at a similar rate as men. The issues that were addressed were passivity, cowardliness, low self-esteem, lack of aggression compassion for others and law-abidingness”.

Brill (2020) 348p.

By A Ticket-of-Leave Man.

Or Revelations Concerning Convicts and Convict Prisons, by A Ticket-of-Leave Man. “It is hoped that these pages may be read with interest, not only as a truthful record of Convict Life, but also as a contribution towards Convict-Prison Reform. The writer has at least one qualification entitling him to express an opinion on this important subject: he writes — alas! — from personal experience. Many names which would have added confirmation to the facts recited, have for obvious reasons been omitted. “

London: Wyman & Sons, 1879. 252p.

By Julie Draskoczy.

From the Introduction: “In his autobiography the Belomor prisoner Andrei Kupriianov wrote, ‘No, I am not an alien element. I am united with the working class in soul, body, and blood. My father, mother, and I were all killed for the cause of the working class.’ While his parents’ deaths were literal, Kupriianov’s own death was metaphorical—his former, criminal self had been killed to allow for the creation of a devoted Soviet citizen. Kupriianov immediately introduces physicality and violence into the understanding of his identity…

Academic Studies Press (2014). 253 pages.