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Alcohol and Violence: Isolating the Impact of the Of-Trade

By Carly Lightowlers, Lucy Bryant

COVID-19 restrictions significantly altered alcohol availability across England, at times with on-trade premises closed, presenting a novel opportunity to examine the efects of of-trade alcohol availability on violence. Police recorded violent crime data were used to examine changes in the level and proportion of (i) violence as well as (ii) domestic violence, which was alcohol-related during this period. On-trade closures saw the proportion of violent incidents recorded as alcohol-related fall only subtly (by 3 percentage points in months of closure) and did not lead to a significant difference in the proportion of domestic violence, which was recorded as alcohol-related. Tis suggests of- and on-trade alcohol availability may be comparable contributory factors to levels of violence and domestic violence

Te British Journal of Criminology, 2025, XX, 1–18