Multiple and intersecting harms: Examining use of force in return and its detrimental impact on migrants’ human rights during and after return to Senegal

By Mackenzie Seaman and Jessamy Garver Affeldt

This paper focuses on the multiple intersecting harms (forced returns, expulsion, interception at sea, detention) migrants experience in Senegal during the return process. It pays particular attention to violations and abuses that are frequently reported in relation to such uses of force. The data shows that respondents often endured multiple instances of violations and abuse during their return journey to Senegal. This appeared to compound the challenges they encountered after their return to Senegal.

Geneva: Mixed Migration Centre, 2024. 24p.