by George Kennan (Author), George Frost (Illustrator), Graeme Newman (Introduction)

SIBERIA AND THE EXILE SYSTEM — VOLUME TWO
By George Kennan
Extensively Illustrated
Designed, Modernized and Edited with an Introduction by Graeme R. Newman

The journey becomes an indictment.

In Volume One, George Kennan crossed the immense Siberian frontier, increasingly questioning the Russian Empire's system of exile and punishment. In Volume Two, those doubts disappear forever.

Travelling thousands of miles farther into Eastern Siberia, Kennan reaches the most feared destinations of Imperial Russia—the remote prisons, penal settlements, and infamous katorga mines of the Trans-Baikal. Here he encounters political prisoners, hardened convicts, prison officials, and ordinary Siberians whose lives have been shaped by one of history's harshest systems of punishment.

What he witnesses is both shocking and meticulously documented. Kennan examines overcrowded prisons, disease, forced labour, administrative exile without trial, brutal punishments, and the daily struggle for survival endured by men and women banished to the edge of the known world. Drawing upon official government records, personal interviews, and his own observations, he constructs a devastating portrait of a penal system that profoundly altered Western understanding of Tsarist Russia.

Yet Volume Two is more than an exposé. Kennan remains a gifted travel writer whose vivid descriptions of Siberia's mountains, forests, rivers, settlements, and extraordinary people transform this work into one of the greatest travel narratives ever written. The breathtaking beauty of the landscape stands in haunting contrast to the suffering concealed within it.

This new 2026 edition has been carefully designed and extensively edited for the modern reader while preserving Kennan's original voice and historical integrity. OCR errors have been corrected, typography modernized, and the narrative presented in a clear, readable format, while retaining the rich illustrations that accompanied the original publication.

More than a century after its first appearance, Siberia and the Exile System remains one of the most important eyewitness investigations ever published—a work of journalism whose influence reached far beyond Russia and helped expose a penal regime that much of the world preferred not to see.

Together, Volumes One and Two form one of the greatest works of investigative travel writing and prison history ever written—an unforgettable journey into the frozen heart of the Russian Empire.

Read-Me.Org Inc. New York-Philadelphia-Australia. 2026. 284p.

by George Kennan (Author), George Frost (Illustrator), Graeme Newman (Introduction)

SIBERIA AND THE EXILE SYSTEM — VOLUME ONE
By George Kennan. Extensively Illustrated. Designed, Modernized and Edited with an Introduction by Graeme R. Newman

In 1885, American journalist and explorer George Kennan journeyed deep into the Russian Empire intending to investigate—and, in many respects, defend—the notorious Siberian exile system. What he discovered changed his mind completely.

Siberia and the Exile System became one of the nineteenth century’s most influential works of investigative journalism: a firsthand account of prisons, convict transports, political exile, arbitrary banishment, and life on the immense Siberian frontier. Kennan entered Russia initially skeptical of reports of government brutality. Eighteen months later, after visiting prisons, traveling with convicts, examining official records, and speaking privately with political exiles, he emerged as one of the system’s most formidable critics.

Volume One follows Kennan and artist George A. Frost from St. Petersburg across the Urals and into Siberia. Their journey takes them through the Tiumen forwarding prison, aboard a Siberian convict barge, across the vast Kirghis steppe, into the Altai, and through settlements populated by men and women banished by administrative order—sometimes without trial or even a formal criminal charge. It concludes with Kennan’s investigations in Tomsk and his increasingly disturbing encounters with the machinery of exile.

Yet this is far more than a catalogue of suffering. Kennan was an accomplished travel writer with an extraordinary eye for landscape and character. Siberian villages, endless roads, river journeys, frontier inns, officials, peasants, prisoners and revolutionaries emerge vividly from his narrative. Humor and adventure repeatedly interrupt the darkness, making the eventual revelations about imprisonment and exile all the more powerful.

Of particular importance is Kennan’s changing perspective. He began his investigation believing that Russia and its penal system had been unfairly represented and that many revolutionaries were simply dangerous fanatics. His own observations progressively undermined those assumptions. The result is the unusual spectacle of an investigator changing his conclusions because the evidence before him demanded it.

This new 2026 edition has been designed and extensively edited for the contemporary reader while preserving Kennan’s narrative voice and historical testimony. It is extensively illustrated, drawing the reader visually into the extraordinary landscapes, journeys, prisons, settlements and people Kennan encountered.

At once travel narrative, prison exposé, political history and eyewitness investigation, Siberia and the Exile Systemremains a disturbing examination of what happens when punishment is removed from public view and political authority acquires the power to make inconvenient people disappear.

Volume One begins the journey. Volume Two carries Kennan deeper into Eastern Siberia and toward the dreaded katorga mines of the Trans-Baikal.

Read-Me.Org Inc. New York-Philadelphia-Australia. 2026. 284p.

By Sophie Martens and Ben Crewe

While there is abundant literature on prison violence, much less has been written about how safety is perceived and conceived in prison. Even less is known about how these feelings of safety and their respective predictors may vary between prison systems. This study illustrates what predicts feelings of safety and how prisoners define and experience safety in two jurisdictions, Norway and England & Wales. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, using data from surveys (N = 984) and interviews (N = 199) from a major comparative penological project. It finds that while prisoners in Norway generally reported feeling safer than prisoners in England & Wales, the quantitative predictors of safety did not vary by jurisdiction. From a qualitative perspective, however, it was observed that prisoners in England & Wales held a more limited definition of safety (bounded safety) in which they accepted a constant need for vigilance, whereas prisoners in Norway showed more trust in their environment. This finding suggests that feelings of safety in prison may be (at least partly) context-dependent, which raises important questions regarding the much-debated ‘safety paradox’ in prison, and forms a relevant insight for future comparative work.

The British Journal of Criminology, Volume 65, Issue 3, May 2025, Pages 541–558,

By Kate Gooch

Although imprisonment for debt was abolished in England and Wales more than 50 years ago, a new debtor's prison has emerged. Debt within prison is now a significant problem, re-defining social relationships, and contributing to a rise in disorder, distress, harmful and criminal behaviour. Yet, engagement in the illicit economy, and the problem and consequences of indebtedness, has received relatively little academic attention. Based on ethnographic and qualitative research conducted in 10 prisons, this article seeks to correct this omission and expand the literature on illegal markets, prisoner safety, and prisoner society. It explores the functions and appeal of the illicit economy, the ways in which prisoner become indebted to each, and with what consequences.

Theoretical Criminology, 0(0)

By Danielle Kaeble

An estimated 3,772,000 adults were under community supervision at yearend 2023, a 0.7% increase from 3,744,100 on January 1, 2023 (figure 1, table 1). 1 This change was due to an increase in the number of adults on probation, who made up 82% of the community supervision population at yearend. The probation population rose 1.3% during 2023, from 3,064,200 to 3,103,400. The number of adults on parole fell from 700,800 to 680,400 (down 2.9%) during 2023. Findings in this report are from the Bureau of Justice Statistics’ (BJS) Annual Probation Survey, Annual Parole Survey, and Federal Justice Statistics Program, which collect data on adults placed on correctional supervision (entries) or removed from supervision (exits) during the reporting year and on characteristics of the population at yearend. These are the only national data collections that cover community corrections in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the U.S. federal system. Findings focus largely on changes in the community supervision population within a given year to minimize the effect of factors such as administrative changes or agency reporting differences.

Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Bureau of Justice Statistics , 2025. 43p..