May Contain Markup

Developed by Wesley G. Skogan & William R. Klecka

Purpose and Development: The module "The Fear of Crime" was developed by Wesley G. Skogan and William R. Klecka, using victimization survey data collected by the U.S. Bureau of the Census. It aims to study crime and public fear of crime using survey data.

Historical Context: The document references President Johnson's 1965 initiative to combat crime, noting significant increases in crime rates and public fear of crime over the following decade.

Survey Methodology: The surveys used to gather data included both victimization and attitude questionnaires, focusing on personal attributes, crime experiences, and perceptions of crime.

City Comparisons: The module compares data from New York City andSan Diego, highlighting differences in crime rates, victimization, and public fear of crime between the two cities.

American Political Science Association, 1977, 82 pages

May Contain Markup

By C.W. Topping

New Penology: The book discusses the concept of the new penology, which focuses on a comprehensive system of treatment and prevention, starting from childhood and continuing throughout life.

Crime Prevention: Emphasizes the importance of family counseling, community organization, and social group work in preventing crime.

Prison Reform: Contrasts old and new prison systems, highlighting the need for modern facilities, educational programs, and rehabilitation efforts.

Scientific Approach: Stresses the role of scientific research and the involvement of psychiatrists, psychologists, and social workers in understanding and treating criminal behavior..

Saddlebag Books, 1960, 82 pages

Edited by Ugljesa Zvekic

Crime and Development: The essays explore the complex relationship between crime and development, highlighting how social transformations impact crime rates and criminal justice systems.

Theoretical Frameworks: There is no universal theory linking crime and development. The essays call for more flexible and context-specific research.

Internationalization of Crime: The essays discuss how globalization and economic interdependence contribute to the spread of organized crime and corporate crime.

Formal and Informal Control: The importance of both formal and iInformal social control mechanisms in managing crime is emphasized, particularly in developing countries

United Nations International Crime and Justice Research Institute, 1990, 377 pages