By EUGENE L. HOROWITZ

● Study Focus: The research investigates the development of attitudes toward African Americans in white children, aiming for objective, verifiable, and significant results.

● Historical Context: The study highlights the historical evolution of attitudes toward African Americans, noting legal and social discrimination dating back to the 17th century.

● Methodology: The research employs three tests involving pictorial materials to measure children's attitudes, focusing on ranking preferences and imagined social situations.

● Findings: The study finds that prejudice begins early in childhood and is influenced more by societal attitudes than direct contact with African Americans.

NY. ARCHIVES OF PSYCHOLOGY. R. S. WOODWORTH, EDITOR. No. 194. 1916. 48p.

MAY CONTAIN MARKUP

By ERVING GOFFMAN

"STIGMA: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity" delves into the intricate dimensions of societal perceptions and self-perceptions. Authored by renowned sociologist Erving Goffman, this seminal work explores the concept of stigma and its profound impact on individuals and communities. Goffman's profound insights shed light on how stigmatized individuals navigate a world marked by prejudice and discrimination. Drawing from compelling case studies and astute analysis, "STIGMA" challenges readers to rethink their views on identity, acceptance, and the power dynamics that shape our interactions. A thought-provoking and enlightening read for anyone interested in psychology, sociology, or the human experience.

Prentice-Hall, Inc.. Englewood Gliffs, N.J. 1965. 167p.

MAY CONTAIN MARKUP

Edited by NANETTE HEIMAN and JOAN GRANT

Else Frenkel-Brunswik: Selected Papers offers a comprehensive collection of the pioneering psychologist's most significant works. Frenkel-Brunswick's insightful research on authoritarianism, prejudice, and personality dynamics continues to be influential in the field of psychology. This curated selection provides readers with a deep dive into her groundbreaking theories and empirical studies, shedding light on the complexities of human behavior and societal attitudes. A must-read for scholars, students, and anyone interested in the intersection of psychology and social issues.

International Universities Press, 1974, 333 pages

By Kurt Lewin

FROM THE FOREWORD BY DORWIN CARTWRIGHT: “When the intellectual history of the twentieth century is written, Kurt Lewin will surely be counted as one of those few men whose work changed fundamentally the course of social science in its most critical period of development. During his professional life of only about thirty years, the social sciences grew from the stage of speculative system building, through a period of excessive empiricism in which facts were gathered simply for their intrinsic interest, to a more mature development in which empitical data are sought for the significance they can have for systematic theories. Although the social sciences are only barely into this third stage of development, Lewin's work has accelerated greatly the rate of development. Though he was primarily a psychologist and made his major contributions in that field, the influence of his work has extended well beyond the bounds of traditional psychology.

New York. Harper & Brothers Publishers. 1951. 365p.

By C. Eric Lincoln. Foreword by Gordon Allport

FROM THE JACKET: “This is the first full study of the Black Muslims - an organization of more than 100,000 Negroes Who preach black autonomy, black supremacy, black union against the white world. The Black Muslim Movement has been characterized as melodramatic and extremist, but in chis book Dr. Lincoln shows that it is an accurate gauge of racial tension in the United States today. Behind an array of myths and ritual, behind an alleged tie to Islam, this new form of black nationalism reflects the American Negro's rising discontent with the way things are and his determination to change them.”

Boston. Beacon Press. 1961. 292p.

USED BOOK. MAY CONTAIN MARK-UP

By Michael Argyle

FROM THE PREFACE: “ This book is intended for students of psychology and of the other social sciences, to give a guide to the procedures and results in this rapidly growing field. I hope that it will not be regarded as a 'textbook of social psychology', of which there are many already often illustrating a particular theoretical viewpoint with a congeries of experiments, quasi-experiments, and other people's opinions. Here only part of social psychology is dealt with the part dealing with the study of social interaction the fields of socialisation and personality being excluded. An effort has been made to put facts before theory, and to set out what facts have been discovered about social behaviour by reference to a substantial proportion of the valid research which has been done. The various theories are then examined in the light of this evidence. It is hoped that the book will also be of interest to others outside the strict category of students , since many of the results reported are of direct relevance to social administrators, while the methods of research described could be readily applied to the solution of practical problems.

London. Methuen & Co Ltd. 1957. 245p.

By  Nestar Russell

Horrified by the Holocaust, social psychologist Stanley Milgram wondered if he could recreate the Holocaust in the laboratory setting. Unabated for more than half a century, his (in)famous results have continued to intrigue scholars. Based on unpublished archival data from Milgram’s personal collection, volume one of this two-volume set introduces readers to a behind the scenes account showing how during Milgram’s unpublished pilot studies he step-by-step invented his official experimental procedure—how he gradually learnt to transform most ordinary people into willing inflictors of harm. The open access volume two then illustrates how certain innovators within the Nazi regime used the very same Milgram-like learning techniques that with increasing effectiveness gradually enabled them to also transform most ordinary people into increasingly capable executioners of other men, women, and children. Volume two effectively attempts to capture how step-by-step these Nazi innovators attempted to transform the Führer’s wish of a Jewish-free Europe into a frightening reality. By the books’ end the reader will gain an insight into how the seemingly undoable can become increasingly doable

Cham: Springer Nature, 2019. 333p.

Edited by O. A. Oeser and S. B. Hammond

FROM THE PREFACE: “In1949,the Social SciencesResearch Committee of the Australian National Research Council undertook to sponsor for UNESCO two community studies in Australia, one urban and one rural. They were to be part of an international study of communities and social tensions, the other countriestaking part being India, France and Sweden. The Department of Psychology at Melbourne University was asked to carry out the Australian project. The material reported in the City Studies is drawn from a number of researches carried out in the period 1947-50 by staff and students of the Department, in particular by those associated with the course entitled 'Collective Behaviour. This preface is intended to give brief outlines of these researches and to acknow- ledge the work of the many persons who have been of assistance.

London. Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd. 1954. 356p.. USED BOOK. MAY CONTAIN MARK-UP.

By T. W. Adorno, Else Frenkel-Brunswik, Daniel ]. Levinson and R. Nevitt Sanford.

At this moment in world history anti-Semitism is not manifesting itself with the full and violent destructiveness of which we know it to be capable. Even a social disease has its periods of quiescence during which the social scientists, like the biologist or the physician, can study it in the search for more effective ways to prevent or reduce the virulence of the next outbreak.

Today the world scarcely remembers the mechanized persecution and extermination of millions of human beings only a short span of years away in what was once regarded as the citadel of Western civilization. Yet the con­ science of many men was aroused. How could it be, they asked each other, that in a culture of law, order, and reason, there should have survived the irrational remnants of ancient racial and religious hatreds? (From the Foreword).

American Jewish Committee. Pub. III. 1950. 989p.

By S. Giora Shoham.

This is a ground breaking work by world renowned philosopher, psychologist and criminologist Shlomo Shoham that establishes the basic principles of his integrative theory of personality and deviance, combining the fields of psychology, religion, anthropology, sociology and criminology to provide unique insights into not only the dynamics of deviant behavior, but of the human psyche as well. His tools of analysis are a deep understanding of world religions applied through a lens of his own neo-psychoanalytical framework. Every page contains a new, uncanny insight into the vicissitudes of human behavior and the deviance of which humans are most capable. The book may be fifteen years old, but it is as relevant today as it was when it was written.

NY. Harrow and Heston Publishers. . 2016. 224 pages.

By Gavin Dingwall and Tim Hillier.

Allocating blame in the criminal justice process. By Gavin Dingwall and Tim Hillier. “Like many commentators, we are perturbed by a trend to criminalise in the absence of compelling justification…this development is explained in part by a greater willingness to attribute blame for events, to demand that blame is imputed onto an individual or other legal actor, and that severe consequences should then follow. We employ the modern term blamestorming to describe the deliberate process of attribution. That ‘blamestorming’ is followed in the book’s title by blamemongers and scapegoats emphasises the fact that blamestorming is not a value-neutral exercise and that significant disparities in power are often involved.

Policy Press (2016). 216 pages.