Policing Without the Police? A Review of the Evidence
In the wake of the death of George Floyd and the summer of protests and riots that followed, left-wing activists and politicians have called not simply for reforms to policing, but for its abolition. In order to eliminate the possibility of wrongful killing of civilians, these advocates say, we should defund police departments, reroute their budgets to social services, and replace beat cops with unarmed civilian alternatives wherever possible. In the first half of this brief, I outline why such proposals would be a disaster for public safety. In short, they:
Have little basis in evidence;
Would increase the risk posed to civilian employees;
Would diminish the crime-reduction benefits of current police work; and
Would have little impact on the size, and therefore effect, of social welfare spending.
While replacing the police is a misguided idea, that does not mean that lawmakers should dismiss altogether the idea of nonpolice crime-fighting tools. Indeed, there are several evidence-based, effective means to mitigate crime through channels other than more police work. These complementary tools can help relieve stress on overtaxed and understaffed police forces. In the second half of this report, I lay out the evidence behind three options:
Reducing crime through changes to the built environment, such as cleaning up vacant lots and green public spaces;
Using “nonpolice guardians,” such as neighborhood watches and CCTV cameras, to extend the police’s reach;
Targeting problematic alcohol use, a major cause of crime.
New York: The Manhattan Institute, 2021. 20p.