By The Human Rights Watch
Analyzes Ukraine’s anti-collaboration laws, which criminalize civilians providing services under Russian occupation, risking unjust prosecution.
The Human Rights Watch, December 5, 2024, 48 pp.
By David G. Ritchie
David G. Ritchie’s Natural Rights: A Criticism of Some Political and Ethical Conceptions is a critical examination of the philosophical and political theories surrounding natural rights. Published in the late 19th century, Ritchie’s work challenges the assumptions held by classical liberals and natural law theorists, particularly those who argue for the inherent and immutable nature of rights. Instead, Ritchie approaches the concept of rights from a historical and evolutionary perspective, arguing that rights are not absolute but are instead shaped by social, political, and moral developments over time.
Ritchie’s work remains highly relevant and modern in its rejection of fixed, universal rights and in its emphasis on social evolution, institutions, and collective well-being. However, contemporary discourse has gone further by incorporating intersectionality, global human rights frameworks, and moral imperatives that sometimes challenge his purely historical and pragmatic approach. His work is valuable for its emphasis on the social and historical evolution of rights, but some critics argue that his relativism could justify oppression, that he underestimates moral absolutes, and that he places too much emphasis on legal institutions rather than individual freedoms. Nevertheless, this is a pioneering work that aligns with modern human rights discourse in its recognition of change over time,
By Zechariah Chafee Jr.
Zechariah Chafee Jr.'s "The Inquiring Mind," published in 1928, stands as a seminal work in the discourse on civil liberties, particularly focusing on freedom of speech within the United States. He delves into the intricacies of freedom of speech providing a comprehensive exploration of the legal and philosophical foundations of free expression. The book emerged during a period marked by intense debates over civil liberties, especially in the aftermath of World War I and the accompanying "Red Scare." Chafee's work played a pivotal role in shaping modern First Amendment jurisprudence, influencing both legal scholars and judicial opinions. His defense of free speech contributed to a broader understanding of its essential role in a democratic society, challenging prevailing notions that favored repression over open discourse. The work is a cornerstone in the study of civil liberties, offering enduring insights into the complexities of freedom of speech. Its significance, rich content, and original perspectives continue to inform and challenge modern interpretations of free expression in democratic societies.
Main themes relevant to the modern era are::
Social Media and Free Speech: The role of platforms like Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube in shaping discourse, including issues of content moderation, algorithmic bias, and "cancel culture."
Misinformation and Fake News: The rise of deepfakes, conspiracy theories, and propaganda, and their impact on public perception and democracy.
Censorship vs. Safety: The balance between preventing harmful speech (hate speech, extremist content) and protecting the right to express controversial opinions.
Government and Corporate Influence: The role of states and tech companies in controlling or amplifying speech through regulations and policies.
AI and the Future of Expression: How AI-generated content, chatbots, and automated censorship tools impact free inquiry.
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By BOOKER T. WASHINGTON AND W.E. BURGHARDT DuBOIS
"The Negro in the South" is a groundbreaking work co-authored by two influential African American leaders, Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois. Published in the early 20th century, this book delves into the complex social, economic, and political conditions faced by African Americans in the Southern United States. Washington and Du Bois offer contrasting perspectives on racial uplift and advancement, sparking important conversations about race relations and equality. Their insights and analyses continue to resonate today, shedding light on the challenges and triumphs of the African American experience in the South."
PHILADELPHIA GEORGE W. W. JACOBS & COMPANY PUBLISHERS. 1907. 109p.
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By W.E. BURGHARDT DU BOIS..
"The Suppression of the African Slave-Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870" by W.E.B. Du Bois is a seminal work that delves into the complex history of the abolition of the African slave trade in the United States. Through meticulous research and profound analysis, Du Bois provides a detailed account of the efforts and challenges faced in ending this heinous practice that marred American history for centuries.
Du Bois's insightful narrative sheds light on the social, economic, and political forces that shaped the trajectory of the slave trade in America. By exploring the legal battles, international pressures, and moral dilemmas surrounding the abolitionist movement, this book offers a comprehensive understanding of the long and arduous journey towards eradicating one of the darkest chapters in American history.
A must-read for anyone interested in American history, human rights, and the enduring legacy of slavery, "The Suppression of the African Slave-Trade to the United States of America 1638-1870" stands as a poignant reminder of the resilience of those who fought against injustice and the ongoing struggle for equality and freedom.
Volume I. Harvard Historical Historical Studies. Longmans, Green, and Co. New York. 1896. 503p.
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Booker T. Washington
"Up from Slavery" is a powerful autobiography written by Booker T. Washington, a prominent African American leader and educator. In this compelling book, Washington shares the story of his incredible journey from his childhood as an enslaved person to becoming a leading figure in the fight for racial equality and education.
Through his personal narrative, Washington provides valuable insights into the challenges and triumphs faced by African Americans during the post-Civil War era. His determination, resilience, and commitment to education serve as an inspiration to all readers.
"Up from Slavery" not only chronicles Washington's life but also offers a profound reflection on the importance of perseverance, hard work, and the pursuit of knowledge in overcoming adversity. This autobiography is a timeless classic that continues to resonate with readers and remains an essential read for anyone interested in American history and the ongoing struggle for equality.
Protect Gutenberg. The Outlook Magazine. 1900. 198p.
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By W. E. BURGHARDT DU BOIS,
John Brown, a pivotal figure in American history, was a fervent abolitionist known for his radical activism against slavery in the mid-19th century. Born in 1800, Brown's unwavering commitment to the abolitionist cause led him to participate in notable events like the Pottawatomie Creek Massacre and the infamous raid on Harpers Ferry.
Brown's unyielding belief in the inherent rights of all individuals, regardless of color, propelled him to challenge the oppressive institution of slavery through direct action. His bold tactics and militant approach set him apart from other abolitionists of his time, making him a polarizing figure in the nation's tumultuous political landscape.
Despite facing criticism, condemnation, and ultimately execution for his actions, John Brown's legacy endures as a symbol of resistance against injustice and a beacon of hope for those who fight for equality and human rights. His unwavering dedication to the abolitionist movement continues to inspire generations to strive for a more just and equitable society.
PHILADELPHIA. GEORGE W. JACOBS & & COMPANY COMPANY PUBLISHERS. 1909. 284p.
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By Veronica Corrie
In "BLACK AND BLUE: A MEMOIR OF RACISM AND RESILIENCE," the author bravely shares their personal journey through the complexities of racism and the unwavering resilience that carried them through. This poignant memoir delves into the stark realities of discrimination, prejudice, and systemic challenges faced by individuals of color, offering a raw and unfiltered account of the author's experiences.
Through candid storytelling and introspection, the author sheds light on the profound impact of racism on their life, while also highlighting moments of strength and perseverance in the face of adversity. "BLACK AND BLUE" serves as a powerful testament to the enduring human spirit and the quest for equality and justice in a world marred by intolerance.
This compelling memoir is a must-read for those seeking a deeper understanding of the insidious nature of racism and the remarkable resilience of individuals who dare to confront it head-on.
Scribe Publications Pty Limited, Mar 30, 2021, 256 pages
By: Kim Voss, Fabiana Silva & Irene Bloemraad
Activists do not just ‘name’ problems faced by migrants; they ‘frame’ them, constructing a particular meaning of the social world. Activists in the United States are especially likely to use rights language. Some appeal to human rights; others call on the history and resonance of civil rights. Those who contest immigrant inclusion often instead evoke ‘American values’. Are these competing frames persuasive? Drawing on a survey experiment of California voters, we examine whether these frames affect support for undocumented immigrants and U.S. citizens in need. We find that although respondents agree that food insecurity, sexual harassment, and inadequate health care violate the human rights of citizens and noncitizens equally, a human rights frame does not equalize support for government action to address the situation. Indeed, overall, respondents are much less supportive of government action for undocumented immigrants than citizens; neither rights nor value frames mitigate this inequality. The civil rights frame, relative to the American values frame, actually decreases respondents’ support for government action, for citizens and noncitizens alike. The type of hardship also matters: in scenarios concerning sexual harassment, legal status is not a barrier to claims-making. These findings reveal some limits of rights language for mobilization around immigration.
Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 46:4, 791-819, DOI: 10.1080/1369183X.2018.1556463
Edited by Carin Kuoni and Laura Raicovich
There have been few times in US American history when the very concept of freedom of speech—its promise and its contradictions—has been under greater scrutiny. Guided by acclaimed artist, filmmaker, and activist Amar Kanwar, the Vera List Center for Art and Politics at The New School convened a series of public seminars on freedom of speech with the participation of some of the most original thinkers and artists on the topic. Structured as an open curriculum, each seminar examined a particular aspect of freedom of speech, reflecting on and informed by recent debates around hate speech, censorship, sexism, and racism in the US and elsewhere. Studies into Darkness emerges from these seminars as a collection of newly commissioned texts, artist projects, and resources that delve into the intricacies of free speech. Providing a practical and historical guide to free speech discourse and in-depth investigations that extend far beyond the current moment, and featuring poetic responses to the crises present in contemporary culture and society around expression, this publication provocatively questions whether true communication is ever attainable.
Amherst, MA: Amherst College Press, 2022. 390p.
Edited by Emre Bayamlioğlu, Irina Baraliuc, Liisa Janssens, and Mireille Hildebrandt
Profiling the European citizen: why today's democracy needs to look harder at the negative potential of new technology than at its positive potential.
Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 148p.
By Nancy Rodriguez, Amalia Mejia, Rebecca Tublitz
In this policy brief, we first outline the landscape of immigration policies across SJC sites. Next, we illustrate, across four SJC sites, the detainer trends as well as the immigration policies of the respective jurisdictions. In conclusion, we discuss the implications for criminal justice policy and reform, focusing on undocumented immigrants and Latino/as.
Irvine, CA: University of California, Irvine. Department of Criminology, Law and Society2023. 18p.
By The United States Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division and United States Attorney’s Office Western District of Kentucky Civil Division
Following a comprehensive investigation, the Justice Department announced today that the Louisville Metro Police Department (LMPD) and the Louisville/Jefferson County Metro Government (Louisville Metro) engage in a pattern or practice of conduct that violates the U.S. Constitution and federal law. The Department also announced that it has entered into an agreement in principle with Louisville Metro and LMPD, which have committed to resolving the department’s findings through a court-enforceable consent decree with an independent monitor, rather than contested litigation. Specifically, the Justice Department finds that LMPD:
Uses excessive force, including unjustified neck restraints and the unreasonable use of police dogs and tasers;
Conducts searches based on invalid warrants;
Unlawfully executes search warrants without knocking and announcing;
Unlawfully stops, searches, detains, and arrests people during street enforcement activities, including traffic and pedestrian stops;
Unlawfully discriminates against Black people in its enforcement activities;
Violates the rights of people engaged in protected free speech critical of policing; and
Along with Louisville Metro, discriminates against people with behavioral health disabilities when responding to them in crisis.
The Department also identified deficiencies in LMPD’s response to and investigation of domestic violence and sexual assault, including its responses to allegations that LMPD officers engaged in sexual misconduct or domestic violence. Deficiencies in policies, training, supervision, and accountability contribute to LMPD and Louisville Metro’s unlawful conduct.
Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division 2023. 90p.
By The United States Commission on Civil Rights
This Statutory Enforcement Report examines the civil rights and constitutional concerns that the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights (Commission) “raised with the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and its component [agencies] over the treatment of adult and minor [immigrant] detainees [who are being] held under federal law in detention centers across the country.” Specifically, this report analyzes the constitutional issues surrounding DHS’s treatment of detained immigrants as well as other selected federal agencies’ efforts to comply with established Performance Based National Detention Standards (PBNDS), the Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 (PREA), and the federal standards for detaining unaccompanied minor children.
It is within the Commission’s mandate to examine, study, and report upon civil rights violations inconsistent with the federal civil rights laws, the United States Constitution and the federal standards applicable to all persons within the United States and its territories. By statute, the Commission is authorized to examine federal policies and procedures that have a detrimental effect on the equal protection of law guaranteed to all persons under the Constitution. With regard to immigration, in 1980, the Commission released a report entitled The Tarnished Golden Door: Civil Rights Issues in Immigration that examined the civil rights issues surrounding the enforcement of the immigration laws of the United States. That report identified numerous issues surrounding the former Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) administration and enforcement of U.S. immigration laws. Since the Commission published that 1980 report, however, federal immigration laws and their enforcement practices have undergone numerous, sweeping changes.
Washington, DC: The Commission, 2015. 276p.
By Hilary McLaughlin-Stonham.
On the streetcars of New Orleans 1830s-Present. This study chronologically surveys segregation on the streetcars from the antebellum period in which black stereotypes and justification for segregation were formed. The paternalistic nature of white supremacy is considered and how this was gradually replaced with an unassailable white supremacist atmosphere that often restricted the actions of whites, as well as blacks, and the effect that this had on urban transport. Streetcars became the 'theatres' for black resistance throughout the era and this survey considers the symbolic part they played in civil rights up to the present day.
Liverpool University Press (2020) 272 pages.